Question: I am sure all you
people are sincere. But I would like to remind you that you are treading
dangerous grounds. To take the Qur’an without the Sunnah
is like trying to walk one-legged. You can do it, but you will eventually
fall. The Sunnah is the explanation and companion of the Qur’an.
There are verses upon verses in the Qur’an that ask the Muslims
to follow Allah and the Rasul (the Messenger). How can you follow
the Rasul without the Sunnah? The movement of Quranion
and in America the Submitters have all fallen in serious errors that have
existed throughout history. Those who try to cast doubt on the Ahadith
and the Sunnah, in fact want to pursue their own desires. When
making fatwa or answering questions, using phrases such as ‘my opinion’
or ‘I think’, etc. is extremely arrogant. The answer simply lies in the
Qur’an and the Sunnah and also in the understanding of the
Companions (rta); because who can better understand the actual true message
than these noble Companions (rta). In summary, the Qur’an is the
text book; the Sunnah is its twin explanation and the Companions’
(rta) lives are the workbooks. You need all three to pass the trial of
life.
Answer: I appreciate that you
visited out website and expressed your heart felt sincerity for us suggesting
that we must follow the right and secure path by following the Holy Qur’an
and the Sunnah. Every sincere Muslim should feel as you felt under
your impression for your brothers and sisters in Islam.
However, there are certain things
that somehow eluded you in understanding our point of view. I do not know
how you perceived that we give less importance to the Sunnah of
the Holy Prophet (sws) and take the Qur’an as the sole source for
divine guidance. Please allow me to correct you that this is not where
we stand. We fully believe that salvation lies in professing faith in and
following the Prophet (sws) of Islam. There is no concept of inferring
complete guidance from the Qur’an unless one combines it with the
second source of Islam, which is the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet
(sws). The entire religion, Islam, hangs on to these two fundamental sources.
However, the case of Ahadith is different. These are mostly referred
to by the Hadith scholars as Akhbar Ahad. In other words,
these are reports that have been transmitted to us by some individuals.
The very nature of this transmission entails that we exercise prudence
before we accept or reject any report. I mean we will need to see whether
the reporters involved in the chain of any particular report are righteous
and also competent enough to understand, retain and then properly transmit
what they heard or saw regarding the Prophet (sws) of Islam. We also need
to ascertain whether the chain of reporters is continuous and there is
no substantial time or place difference between the two consecutive reporters.
In addition, we also need to look for other corroborating reports to support
the one at hand. After going through this process, we become able to say
that a certain report is reliable. However, we must know that the criteria
just explained give a certain degree of authenticity to a report. They
can never substantiate its authenticity beyond a shadow of doubt. Because
a transmitter may have a highly good character, exceptionally good memory
and outstanding ability to comprehend and express the facts and figures;
it can, however, never be claimed that he has an ‘infallibly’ good character,
‘unfailing’ memory and ‘perfect’ understanding. Furthermore, the expedition
to collect information about those involved in the transmission of a report
is another task that could never be fault free. It is for this reason that
the authenticity of an Hadith cannot be substantiated beyond a shadow
of doubt. Therefore, every reasonable person would agree that this source
of knowledge should not be treated as a fundamental source for religious
decrees. However, we may benefit from it in the light of the Qur’an
and the Sunnah. Allah has promised to protect the Book from every
kind of change. Moreover, it has been transmitted to us by such a majority
of people found in every Muslim generation as to eradicate the possibility
of any mistake. Same is the case with the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet
(sws): every Muslim generation has acted upon the practices of the Holy
Prophet (sws) instituted as Sunnah and has thus transmitted them
to the next generation. So both these sources are reliable and will form
basis for our religion—Islam. I therefore very humbly place before you
that exercising prudence while taking any Hadith is incumbent on
every student of Islam.
Obviously, everyone who puts aside
what is right no matter if it is in the Ahadith or a saying of a
ten year old child in order to be pleased with his own opinion, will come
to account on the Day of Judgment. However, I really think that his case
is to be decided by the Almighty and not by us—humans.
My dear brother, phrases like ‘in
my opinion’ or ‘I think’ are not really intended to make the writer feel
big. Suppose, you have an issue on which you do not find any direct opinion
in the fundamental sources of Islam. You do ijtihad (pondering over
an issue for solution) and come up with an opinion. What should you do
now? Should you label it as if it is come from the Almighty? Of course,
you need to mention that you—a fragile servant of Allah—has arrived at
this particular opinion. Really, I fear the time when I should be held
responsible for expressing an opinion which has been taken by some person
as the opinion of Allah!
As regards what you mentioned about
the understanding of the Companions (rta) of the Prophet (sws), I fully
agree with you. They must have comprehended the religion better than we
can. But you need to consider the fact that their understanding is conveyed
to us only through some Ahadith which I have explained are not free
from errors because of the nature of their mode of transfer. Above all
else, they were also humans like us. A true Muslim takes only the opinion
of Allah and His Prophet (sws) beyond errors and mistakes. Everything else
is subject to deliberation and constructive criticism. This is what the
approach of the Companions (rta) of the Prophet (sws) also was.
(Jhangeer Hanif)
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